Literate speech (active vocabulary) contributes to the knowledge of the surrounding world, helps to learn something new. Therefore, mental cognitive processes are actively developing - attention, memory, thinking. It is very important to take an active part in the life of the child to all family members (especially in the first few years of his life). Thus, to help master a new skill for the baby - to learn to talk: first to pronounce individual sounds, then syllables, words, and, finally, coherent sentences.
How much each adult is included in communication with the baby will depend on his success. In the initial stages, a young son or daughter watches then imitates, and only then learns to pronounce on his own.
Precise definition
The concept of "speech development" in a wide representation is a set of stages, methods and, techniques aimed at mastering a person's oral and written speech. Speech is a complex form of human communicative activity that has historically arisen through language. Language is necessary for us to communicate since it includes various means (vocabulary, phonetics, grammar).
Relevance
There is no certain period during which it is possible and necessary to intensively engage in the development of speech - and that's all - as a result of the magic wand, the baby took and spoke in whole sentences. This is a rather long process and it takes time for each child. Parents lay the foundations on which knowledge and skills are superimposed as bricks. The development of speech is not only engaged from a year to two years until the child speaks - this is a process that has no clear boundaries. Many adults actively develop and improve their speech, their speech skills.
Statistics
Statistics say that every year an increasing number of children of preschool and school-age need targeted and enhanced speech development. Infants are increasingly born with neurological pathology, which entails the inactivity of speech centers, and, therefore, such children later begin to speak, and if they speak, then with numerous disorders. In addition, many parents are mainly engaged in earning money to provide for their family and they simply have no time to study children. This picture is sad, but it fully reflects the state of modern reality.
Factors on which speech development depends
- Anatomical features - the correct structure and functioning of the speech apparatus (tongue, palate, larynx, vocal folds), correct respiration. As soon as the baby is born, he is immediately examined by a neonatologist and pediatrician, and during the first year of his life, other specialists are a neurologist, dentist, etc. This is done to eliminate various birth defects, early identify any diseases or predispositions, as well as prevent the development of the disease. If deviations from normative development are found, the doctor will be able to recommend correcting the anatomical defect or prepare for subsequent correction. For example, a shortened bridle does not allow the tongue to move fully in the oral cavity, and it does not reach the palate. In this way, it predetermines the occurrence of improper sound production.
- Physiological component. The connection between the brain and small motility has long been proved - by developing small pens, speech centers can be activated. There is a huge number of finger games, classes aimed at developing tactile sensations (various cereals, objects that differ in shape and size, etc.). The most well-known and favorite game is The Magic Bag.
- Emotional component. This is, first of all, a close emotional connection with mom and dad. It is considered ideal to communicate with grandparents (on both sides), brothers, sisters. The more the baby communicates with his relatives, the faster he becomes involved in a conversation with them (someone will wink, someone will "accent," and someone will say something).
- Social component. At first, the baby begins to communicate with his parents by screaming, when he can only say in this way that he is in discomfort, then when recognizing familiar faces, he fixes his look, begins to smile, stretches with handles, etc. Therefore, everything that a child does is important - be sure to express emotionally your joy, skill, admiration.
