Initial Coin Offering (ICO) is a way to attract investment in a crypto project by selling tokens (digital assets). The method was copied from the procedure for the initial public offering (IPO), but adjusted for the digital sphere.
Generally, tokens for the new cryptocurrency are sold to raise money for technical development before the cryptocurrency is released. Unlike an initial public offering (IPO), acquisition of the tokens does not grant ownership in the company developing the new cryptocurrency. And unlike an IPO, there is little or no government regulation of an ICO. The first ICO was for Mastercoin in 2013. Ethereum raised money with an ICO in 2014. As of May 2017 there were currently around 20 offerings a month, and a new Web browser Brave's ICO generated about 35 millions under 30 seconds. In 2016, a total of $102.5 million was raised in dozens of major ICOs.