There are a number of martyrdom stories associated with various Valentines connected to February 14, including an account of the imprisonment of Saint Valentine of Rome for ministering to Christians persecuted under the Roman Empire in the third century. According to an early tradition, Saint Valentine restored sight to the blind daughter of his jailer. Numerous later additions to the legend have better related it to the theme of love: an 18th-century embellishment to the legend claims he wrote the jailer's daughter a letter signed "Your Valentine" as a farewell before his execution; another tradition posits that Saint Valentine performed weddings for Christian soldiers who were forbidden to marry.

‌

Deactivated Topic was edited by

Наталья Тищенко

October 24, 2022 9:36 pm

Pampers Diaper

Hygiene product designed to replace washed linen. Consists of two parts:absorbent layers (made from cellulose and chemical gels in disposable diapers, from bamboo and other plant materials in reusable diapers);waterproof outer layer (mainly made of plastic materials, polyurethane and polyester);

Article (+3261 characters)

Diapers are used in most cases by children, astronauts , installers, climbers, divers, bedridden patients, patients with severe mental or neurological diseases.

History of occurrence

The first solution to the problem of wet diapers, important for all mothers in the world, was proposed in America in the 30s of the twentieth century. Male inventors came up with uncomfortable rubber sliders for babies, and alas, this did not solve the problem.

In 1946, a revolutionary event takes place in the USA - Marion Donovan invents the "The Boater" diaper with buttons with a waterproof layer of nylon. "The Boater" is considered the first modern cloth diaper.

At the end of the 40s. in Sweden and the UK, the first models of disposable diapers appear.

The inventor of the modern disposable version of diapers is Victor Mills (Vic Mills), an engineer at Procter & Gamble, manufacturer of the brand "Pampers". The first disposable diaper appeared in 1956 and was made from sawdust. Mass disposable diapers began to be introduced around 1961 and were called "Pampers".

How Diapers Are Made

Polyethylene film
Polypropylene Non woven Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic
Absorbent core - Wood pulp fluff
Super Absorbent Polymer
Elastics Lycra/Spandex
Quick wicking layer
Adhesive Hot melts and Elastomeric
Fastening tape Stick type/Hook and loop type
Moisturizer lotions and fragrance lotions
Breathable/Cloth-like back sheet

Types of disposable diapers

for premature babies: weight 1-3 kg;

for newborns: weight 2-5 kg, average age - from birth to 2 months. (Some manufacturers do not produce diapers in this category);

mini: 3-7 kg, from birth to 4 months;

midi: 5-10 kg, 3-12 months;

maxi: 9-18 kg, 8-18 months;

maxi plus: 10-20 kg, 12-24 months;

extra large: 15-25 kg, from 18 months;

big: 12-20 kg

big big: 13-25 kg

super big: 15-35kg

adult diapers;

Also, depending on the shape and type of Velcro, cellulose diapers can be:

velcro diapers - most well-known brands;

velcro-free diapers (better known as "panty diapers") - Pull Ups, Dry Nites, Easy Ups and Underjumps;

liners are the matching options for Goon diapers.

Adult diapers

Not a single space flight is complete today without diapers. During long spacewalks, diapers proved to be truly indispensable. They are also used by divers during long-term work, underwater hunters, high-altitude climbers (mounters and climbers, with one- and two-day ascents). The problem of incontinence today is one of the most common and difficult problems in modern urology and gynecology. Incontinence is more common than diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. Adult diapers are designed for people with moderate to severe incontinence. Adult diaper sizes: S (50-80cm) M (70-110cm) L (100-150cm) XL (120-164cm).

In some countries (for example, in Sweden) adult diapers are provided free of charge.

Ecological effect

The average child uses about 4,000 diapers in a lifetime. In Europe, disposable diapers account for about 2% of household waste. Approximately 28 billion baby diapers are used annually in the US. The decomposition of a disposable diaper in landfills and MSW burials can last from 300 to 500 years. These facts testify to the serious negative impact of disposable diapers on the environment.

Manufacturers