Birla

BIRLA (Birla Brothers Private Ltd), the second largest industrial and financial group of the National the bourgeoisie of India (after the Chtata group). Includes members of the Birla family; the group is headed by G. Birla, a Marwari by nationality, a major financier. tycoon of India. "B." originates from ser. 19th century . In the 1st half of the 20th century, dealing mainly with credit finance. operations, penetrated into the sphere of industry. Starting with the production of jute and chl.-boom. by absorbing companies of other industries, it turned into a powerful concern, whose interests were concentrated in light industry. The group's power especially increased after India gained independence (1947). During 1948-58, the assets of the companies controlled by the "B." increased 15-fold. The beginning of the group's wide penetration into heavy industry also dates back to this period. In the ser. 60s, the share of CB." accounted for about 100% of the output in India of non-ferrous metal alloys, acetate fiber, linoleum, acetic anhydride, about 90% of staple fiber, St. 50% of cars, tire cord, paper, etc. types of boilers and household refrigerators, approx. 40% of aluminum, "B." is one of the leading manufacturers of textiles, equipment, also acts as a large land owner, operating tea (approx. 15 thousand hectares) and other plantations, controls a number of banks, finance. and insurance companies.

The group's companies occupy a large place in the external. India's trade, and above all in its exports, being among the largest exporters of jute products, tea and other traditions. goods. Monopolistic. The character of "B." is manifested in the capital exports that have been developing since the late 50s, directed to the OSN. in Asia and Africa, "B." has large enterprises in Nepal, Pakistan, Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia. A new trend is the construction of enterprises in industrialized countries - Canada, Great Britain, Ireland.

The strengthening of the position of "B." throughout its development was facilitated by ties with foreign countries. capital - until the 60s. mainly with English, and then also with American and French. "B." uses technical assistance, loans and loans from foreign countries. monopolies, creates joint companies with their participation, while maintaining an independent position due to their finances. the power and diversity of fields of activity. Economical. strengthening of the CB." relations with other monopolistic organizations, which have been developing since the 60s, also contribute to the country. associations of indus . the bourgeoisie, especially with the Goenka group.

"B." has a great influence on the economy. and political. the life of the country. Finances the activities of political parties and groups, controls one of the largest newspaper trusts in India, which produces more than 10 periodicals. publications, including the newspaper "Hindustan Times" and the magazine "Economist", participates in a large telegraph agency. Members of the Birla family are members of advisory committees and councils of various industries. The Group is closely associated with some leaders of the National Congress Party.