In May 2020, Carvalho signed his first professional contract with Fulham, signing a two-year deal. On 23 September 2020, Carvalho made his senior debut for Fulham as a substitute in a 2–0 EFL Cup victory over Sheffield Wednesday. On 15 May 2021, Carvalho scored his first senior goal in a 3–1 away league defeat to Southampton.
Carvalho had an impressive start to the 2021–22 season, scoring three goals in his first five matches as Fulham looked to return to the Premier League. As a result Carvalho was awarded the EFL Young Player of the Month for August 2021.
Carvalho has represented England up to under-18 level. In December 2017, Carvalho scored for the England under-16 team against Brazil.