Grodno Region
Voblast (region) in Belarus
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Historical digression, interesting facts
The Grodno region has a significant natural resource potential and attracts with its unique architectural ensembles, in which monuments of various eras and styles coexist.
The history of the Grodno region is rooted in hoary antiquity. Its territory has been inhabited by people since the Late Paleolithic. The most ancient sites were located on
Evening Grodno, views of Grodno
Lake Svityaz, near the villages of Chereshlya, Novogrudsky, Nesilovichi, Dyatlovsky, Zblyany, Lida districts, near the mouth of the Kotra River.
It is known that at the end of the 1st - beginning of the 2nd millennium, East Slavic tribes (Dregovichi, Krivichi, Volhynians, Drevlyans), West Slavic (Mazovshan), East Baltic (Lithuania), West Baltic (Yatvingians) lived on the territory of the Grodno region. In the second half of the 1st millennium, the Slavic colonization of the region begins.
The most ancient city of the Grodno region is Volkovysk. It is also included in the top 5 oldest cities in Belarus. The first mention of the city in the Turov Chronicle dates back to 1005.
At various times, the city was under the influence of the Principality of Polotsk and the Galicia-Volyn land, and from the end of the 13th century it became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The favorable geographical position contributed to the rapid development of Vaukavysk. The city was located on the waterway "from the Varangians to the Greeks", which connected the Black Sea with the Baltic through a system of rivers and portages.
The first major cities on these lands were Novogrudok (1044), Grodno (1128), Slonim (1252), Lida (1323).
After the Thirteen Years' War (1654-1667), when the capital Vilna was destroyed, the administrative center was moved to Grodno. The city thus became the de facto capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1673, it was decided to hold there every third Sejm of the Commonwealth of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
On May 27, 1793, in Grodno, in the building of the New Castle, the last Sejm of the Commonwealth (the so-called "Grodno Sejm") was held, which approved the second division of the Commonwealth, and repealed the Constitution of May 3. In 1795, as a result of the third partition of the Commonwealth, the eastern part of the voivodeship, including Grodno, was annexed by the Russian Empire.
Geographical position
Grodno region is the smallest region of the country, its area is 25.1 thousand sq. km.
Landscapes of Belarus
In the west it borders with Poland, in the north - with Lithuania. The Grodno region is actively developing partnerships with both Europe and Russia.
The region is characterized by a flat relief. The c
entral position is occupied by the Neman lowland, located in the valley of the Neman River. At the exit of the Neman beyond the borders of the republic, there is the lowest point in the country - 80 m above sea level.
In the south and east there are moraine smoothed uplands: Grodno, Volkovysk, and Novogrudskaya, on which the highest point of the region is located - Castle Hill (323 m).
Administrative-territorial division
The Grodno region includes:
17 districts (Berestovitsky, Volkovysk, Voronovsky, Grodnensky, Dyatlovsky, Zelvensky, Ivyevsky, Korelichsky, Lidsky, Mostovsky, Novogrudsky, Ostrovetsky, Oshmyansky, Svislochsky, Slonimsky, Smorgonsky, Shchuchinsky) and 2 districts in the city of Grodno;
Grodno, views of Grodno
1 city of regional subordination (Grodno);
14 cities of regional significance;
16 urban-type settlements;
4295 rural settlements, including 226 agro-towns.
There are 155 village councils on the territory of the Grodno region.
The regional center is Grodno.
Population
At the beginning of 2021, the population of the Grodno region was 1,017,976 people, including 772,345 people in urban areas, and 245,631 people in rural areas.
The largest cities in the region are Grodno (357,510 people) and Lida (103,291 people).
Other major cities in the region include Slonim (49,830 people), Volkovysk (42,746 people), Smorgon (36,202 people) and Novogrudok (28,199 people).
Economic development
The chemical industry is dominant in the Grodno region. The main production facilities are located in Grodno and Lida.
Other significant industries include food, chemical, mechanical engineering, production of building materials, and electricity generation.
The industrial complex of the Grodno region occupies 11% of the country's industrial output. The entire republican volume of production of caprolactam, ammonia, powdered milk formulas for children, cord fabric, 90.9% of nitrogen fertilizers, 70.9% of hosiery is concentrated here.
Grodno region has 1358 industrial enterprises. The business card of the region is Grodno Azot OJSC, Grodno Tobacco Factory Neman OJSC, Belagroterminal LLC, Kronospan IOOO, Grodno Meat Processing Plant OJSC, Molochny Mir OJSC, Bellakt Volkovysk OJSC, Conte JLLC Spa", OAO "Krasn
Belarusian nuclear power plant
oselskstroymaterialy", OAO "Lakokraska", OAO "Novogrudok Plant of Gas Equipment", Republican Unitary Enterprise "Belarusian Nuclear Power Plant".
Significant state support to the village has made it possible in recent years to technically re-equip the agro-industrial complex and increase economic efficiency. The main branches of agriculture are dairy and beef cattle breeding, pig breeding, production of grain, sugar beets, rapeseed, potatoes and fruits and vegetables.
The agro-industrial complex of the Grodno region includes 171 organizations. Among the leaders are the Svisloch agricultural cooperative, the I.P. Senko agricultural cooperative, the V.I. SPK "Synkovichi", KSUP "AgroSoly", SPK "Negnevichi".
The region is undergoing large-scale transformations in the energy sector, primarily related to the transition to renewable energy sources.
Grodno region maintains trade and economic relations with 127 countries of the world, delivers goods to Russia, Poland, Ukraine, China, Lithuania, Germany, the Netherlands, Turkey, France, Kazakhstan, Italy, Uzbekistan, Belgium, USA.
In 2002, the free economic zone "Grodnoinvest" was created.
The territory of the region is crossed by 5 railway lines connecting the Grodno region with Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia.
Natural wealth and mineral resources
80 rivers flow through the Grodno region. The la
Landscapes of Belarus
rgest of them are Neman, Viliya, Shchara, Berezina.
There are 34 lakes in the region, including Beloe, Rybnitsa, Svityaz, Albertinskoye, Ozeryanskoye.
Large forests have been preserved - Nalibokskaya Pushcha, Lipichanskaya, Grafskaya, and partially Belovezhskaya Pushcha.
On the territory of the Grodno region there are 15 nature reserves of republican significance, 95 nature monuments of republican significance.
Minerals: iron ores, peat, chalk, brick and tile clay, cement and lime raw materials, silicate sands, sand and gravel.
Sports and tourism
58 sports are cultivated in the Grodno region.
In modern history, Olympic champions have become: Elena Volchetskaya (artistic gymnastics, 1964), Ivan Edeshko (basketball, 1972), Olga Korbut (artistic gymnastics, 1972, 1976), Vladimir Romanovsky (rowing and canoeing, 1976), Irina Shilova ( bullet shooting, 1988), Sergey Gorlukovich (football, 1988), Alexander Kurlovich (weightlifting 1988, 1992), Konstantin Lukashik (bullet shooting, 1992), Andrey Barbashinsky and Andrey Minevsky (handball, 1992), Yanina Korolchik (track and field athletics, 2000).
The Grodno region has an advantageous recreational and geographical position on the border with the countries of the European Union, has a rich natural, historical and cultural heritage and a developed transport system. All this determines significant prospects for the development of various types of tourism in the region.
One of the pearls of the region is the Augustow Canal - an object that claims to be included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. More than 50 thousand tourists visit it every year.
There are 68 hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Grodno region.
The number of agro-farms is increasing every year - there are 433 of them in the Grodno region now. Alpha Radon.
Culture and main attractions
There are 19 museums, 3 theaters and a philharmonic society in the Grodno region.
Nine ancient castles, including royal ones, dozens of ancient temples, monasteries and family estates, more than 700 objects from the List of Historical and Cultural Values of Belarus, the reconstructed unique Augustow Canal - all this makes the Grodno region especially attractive for hundreds of thousands of tourists from Belarus and abroad. As well as the realization that already in the XII-XVI centuries the largest cities and towns of the Grodno region began to play a significant role in the economic and cultural life.
Mir Castle, Mir Castle Complex
One of the most important places of pilgrimage in Belarus is the Holy Dormition Zhirovichi Monastery (XVII and XIX centuries).
Mir Castle is an outstanding defensive structure of the 16th century, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Also among the main attractions of the region are the Church of St. Boris and Gleb (Kolozhskaya, XII century), the Bernardine Church (XVI-XVIII centuries), the Church of St. Francis Xavier (Farny), Lida and Novogrudok castles, the church-fortress in Synkovichi (XV v.).
Tens of thousands of guests are attracted by bright holidays and festivals, which are held annually in the region over a hundred. The most spectacular and massive is the Republican Festival of National Cultures, which since 1996 has united representatives of all peoples living in the country.
The festival of Orthodox chants "Kolozhsky Blagovest", the republican festival-competition of children's art "Lion Cub", the festival of arts "Mir Castle", the festival "Golshansky Castle", the knightly tournament "Sword of the Lida Castle", "Gannenski kіrmash", the festival traditional culture "Skarby Grodzenshchyny", the festival of folk art "August Canal in the culture of three peoples".
Religion
Kolozha, Kolozha Church, the oldest church in Belarus
In the Republic of Belarus, freedom of conscience and religion is an inalienable right of every citizen; therefore, the country's population is characterized by a variety of religious movements. The most widespread religion is Christianity. The most massive in the Grodno region are Orthodoxy, Catholicism and communities of Protestant religious directions. In total, there are 16 religious confessions in the Gr
odno
region with a total of 485 religious communities.
The largest innovative project in the country, the Belarusian NPP, is being implemented in the Grodno region.
After the Thirteen Years' War (1654-1667), when the capital Vilna was destroyed, the administrative center was moved to Grodno. The city thus became the de facto capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1673, it was decided to hold there every third Sejm of the Commonwealth of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
On May 27, 1793, in Grodno, in the building of the New Castle, the last Sejm of the Commonwealth (the so-called "Grodno Sejm") was held, which approved the second division of the Commonwealth, and repealed the Constitution of May 3. In 1795, as a result of the third partition of the Commonwealth, the eastern part of the voivodeship, including Grodno, was annexed by the Russian Empire.
Kolozha, Kolozha Church, the oldest church in Belarus, the oldest church in Belarus
Historical digression, interesting facts
The Grodno region has a significant natural resource potential and attracts with its unique architectural ensembles, in which monuments of various eras and styles coexist.
The history of the Grodno region is rooted in hoary antiquity. Its territory has been inhabited by people since the Late Paleolithic. The most ancient sites were located on
Evening Grodno, views of Grodno
Lake Svityaz, near the villages of Chereshlya, Novogrudsky, Nesilovichi, Dyatlovsky, Zblyany, Lida districts, near the mouth of the Kotra River.
It is known that at the end of the 1st - beginning of the 2nd millennium, East Slavic tribes (Dregovichi, Krivichi, Volhynians, Drevlyans), West Slavic (Mazovshan), East Baltic (Lithuania), West Baltic (Yatvingians) lived on the territory of the Grodno region. In the second half of the 1st millennium, the Slavic colonization of the region begins.
The most ancient city of the Grodno region is Volkovysk. It is also included in the top 5 oldest cities in Belarus. The first mention of the city in the Turov Chronicle dates back to 1005.
At various times, the city was under the influence of the Principality of Polotsk and the Galicia-Volyn land, and from the end of the 13th century it became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The favorable geographical position contributed to the rapid development of Vaukavysk. The city was located on the waterway "from the Varangians to the Greeks", which connected the Black Sea with the Baltic through a system of rivers and portages.
The first major cities on these lands were Novogrudok (1044), Grodno (1128), Slonim (1252), Lida (1323).
The largest innovative project in the country, the Belarusian NPP, is being implemented in the Grodno region.
Geographical position
Grodno region is the smallest region of the country, its area is 25.1 thousand sq. km.
Landscapes of Belarus
In the west it borders with Poland, in the north - with Lithuania. The Grodno region is actively developing partnerships with both Europe and Russia.
The region is characterized by a flat relief. The c
entral position is occupied by the Neman lowland, located in the valley of the Neman River. At the exit of the Neman beyond the borders of the republic, there is the lowest point in the country - 80 m above sea level.
In the south and east there are moraine smoothed uplands: Grodno, Volkovysk, and Novogrudskaya, on which the highest point of the region is located - Castle Hill (323 m).
Administrative-territorial division
The Grodno region includes:
17 districts (Berestovitsky, Volkovysk, Voronovsky, Grodnensky, Dyatlovsky, Zelvensky, Ivyevsky, Korelichsky, Lidsky, Mostovsky, Novogrudsky, Ostrovetsky, Oshmyansky, Svislochsky, Slonimsky, Smorgonsky, Shchuchinsky) and 2 districts in the city of Grodno;
Grodno, views of Grodno
1 city of regional subordination (Grodno);
14 cities of regional significance;
16 urban-type settlements;
4295 rural settlements, including 226 agro-towns.
There are 155 village councils on the territory of the Grodno region.
The regional center is Grodno.
Population
At the beginning of 2021, the population of the Grodno region was 1,017,976 people, including 772,345 people in urban areas, and 245,631 people in rural areas.
The largest cities in the region are Grodno (357,510 people) and Lida (103,291 people).
Other major cities in the region include Slonim (49,830 people), Volkovysk (42,746 people), Smorgon (36,202 people) and Novogrudok (28,199 people).
Economic development
The chemical industry is dominant in the Grodno region. The main production facilities are located in Grodno and Lida.
Other significant industries include food, chemical, mechanical engineering, production of building materials, and electricity generation.
The industrial complex of the Grodno region occupies 11% of the country's industrial output. The entire republican volume of production of caprolactam, ammonia, powdered milk formulas for children, cord fabric, 90.9% of nitrogen fertilizers, 70.9% of hosiery is concentrated here.
Grodno region has 1358 industrial enterprises. The business card of the region is Grodno Azot OJSC, Grodno Tobacco Factory Neman OJSC, Belagroterminal LLC, Kronospan IOOO, Grodno Meat Processing Plant OJSC, Molochny Mir OJSC, Bellakt Volkovysk OJSC, Conte JLLC Spa", OAO "Krasn
Belarusian nuclear power plant
oselskstroymaterialy", OAO "Lakokraska", OAO "Novogrudok Plant of Gas Equipment", Republican Unitary Enterprise "Belarusian Nuclear Power Plant".
Significant state support to the village has made it possible in recent years to technically re-equip the agro-industrial complex and increase economic efficiency. The main branches of agriculture are dairy and beef cattle breeding, pig breeding, production of grain, sugar beets, rapeseed, potatoes and fruits and vegetables.
The agro-industrial complex of the Grodno region includes 171 organizations. Among the leaders are the Svisloch agricultural cooperative, the I.P. Senko agricultural cooperative, the V.I. SPK "Synkovichi", KSUP "AgroSoly", SPK "Negnevichi".
The region is undergoing large-scale transformations in the energy sector, primarily related to the transition to renewable energy sources.
Grodno region maintains trade and economic relations with 127 countries of the world, delivers goods to Russia, Poland, Ukraine, China, Lithuania, Germany, the Netherlands, Turkey, France, Kazakhstan, Italy, Uzbekistan, Belgium, USA.
In 2002, the free economic zone "Grodnoinvest" was created.
The territory of the region is crossed by 5 railway lines connecting the Grodno region with Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Russia.
Natural wealth and mineral resources
80 rivers flow through the Grodno region. The la
Landscapes of Belarus
rgest of them are Neman, Viliya, Shchara, Berezina.
There are 34 lakes in the region, including Beloe, Rybnitsa, Svityaz, Albertinskoye, Ozeryanskoye.
Large forests have been preserved - Nalibokskaya Pushcha, Lipichanskaya, Grafskaya, and partially Belovezhskaya Pushcha.
On the territory of the Grodno region there are 15 nature reserves of republican significance, 95 nature monuments of republican significance.
Minerals: iron ores, peat, chalk, brick and tile clay, cement and lime raw materials, silicate sands, sand and gravel.
Sports and tourism
58 sports are cultivated in the Grodno region.
In modern history, Olympic champions have become: Elena Volchetskaya (artistic gymnastics, 1964), Ivan Edeshko (basketball, 1972), Olga Korbut (artistic gymnastics, 1972, 1976), Vladimir Romanovsky (rowing and canoeing, 1976), Irina Shilova ( bullet shooting, 1988), Sergey Gorlukovich (football, 1988), Alexander Kurlovich (weightlifting 1988, 1992), Konstantin Lukashik (bullet shooting, 1992), Andrey Barbashinsky and Andrey Minevsky (handball, 1992), Yanina Korolchik (track and field athletics, 2000).
The Grodno region has an advantageous recreational and geographical position on the border with the countries of the European Union, has a rich natural, historical and cultural heritage and a developed transport system. All this determines significant prospects for the development of various types of tourism in the region.
One of the pearls of the region is the Augustow Canal - an object that claims to be included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. More than 50 thousand tourists visit it every year.
There are 68 hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Grodno region.
The number of agro-farms is increasing every year - there are 433 of them in the Grodno region now. Alpha Radon.
Culture and main attractions
There are 19 museums, 3 theaters and a philharmonic society in the Grodno region.
Nine ancient castles, including royal ones, dozens of ancient temples, monasteries and family estates, more than 700 objects from the List of Historical and Cultural Values of Belarus, the reconstructed unique Augustow Canal - all this makes the Grodno region especially attractive for hundreds of thousands of tourists from Belarus and abroad. As well as the realization that already in the XII-XVI centuries the largest cities and towns of the Grodno region began to play a significant role in the economic and cultural life.
Mir Castle, Mir Castle Complex
One of the most important places of pilgrimage in Belarus is the Holy Dormition Zhirovichi Monastery (XVII and XIX centuries).
Mir Castle is an outstanding defensive structure of the 16th century, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Also among the main attractions of the region are the Church of St. Boris and Gleb (Kolozhskaya, XII century), the Bernardine Church (XVI-XVIII centuries), the Church of St. Francis Xavier (Farny), Lida and Novogrudok castles, the church-fortress in Synkovichi (XV v.).
Tens of thousands of guests are attracted by bright holidays and festivals, which are held annually in the region over a hundred. The most spectacular and massive is the Republican Festival of National Cultures, which since 1996 has united representatives of all peoples living in the country.
The festival of Orthodox chants "Kolozhsky Blagovest", the republican festival-competition of children's art "Lion Cub", the festival of arts "Mir Castle", the festival "Golshansky Castle", the knightly tournament "Sword of the Lida Castle", "Gannenski kіrmash", the festival traditional culture "Skarby Grodzenshchyny", the festival of folk art "August Canal in the culture of three peoples".
Religion
Kolozha, Kolozha Church, the oldest church in Belarus, the oldest church in Belarus
In the Republic of Belarus, freedom of conscience and religion is an inalienable right of every citizen; therefore, the country's population is characterized by a variety of religious movements. The most widespread religion is Christianity. The most massive in the Grodno region are Orthodoxy, Catholicism and communities of Protestant religious directions. In total, there are 16 religious confessions in the Gr
odno
region with a total of 485 religious communities.
Grodno Region
Voblast (region) in belarusBelarus
Grodno Region
Voblast (region) in belarus
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