Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration {integrated circuits having a two-dimensional layout of components without a common active region without components of the field effect type comprising combinations of diodes, or capacitors or resistors comprising combinations of capacitors and resistors}