Location attributes
Other attributes
Etymology
It was founded in the middle of the 17th century as a fortress on the Insar River at its confluence with the Issa River. A hydronym from the Mordovian words ine - "big" and sara - "large sedge swamp, swampy floodplain." Since 1958 - the city of Insar.
Geography
The city is located on the left bank of the Issa River (a tributary of the Moksha), at the confluence of the Insarka River (Oka basin), 18 km from the urban-type settlement of Kadoshkino (on the Ruzaevka-Moscow line). It is removed 77 km from Saransk, with which it is connected by a highway.
Story
It was founded in 1647 on the lands of the village of Russkoe Payovo by Temnikovsky governor G.I. Bornyakov as a military-strategic and administrative point on the southeastern border of the Russian state (see Russian fortified lines). It was located at the crossroads of two important embassy roads going from the Caspian steppes to Temnikov, Moscow and from the Black Sea region to Kazan. From 1708 he was part of the Azov province, from 1725 - Voronezh, from the end of the 18th century - Penza province.
In September 1670, part of the Insar joined the detachment of the Razin ataman M. Kharitonov, who took Insar, then Penza, participated in campaigns against Nizhny Lomov, Shatsk and Kerensk. In December 1812, an uprising of militia [4] of the 3rd infantry regiment took place in Insar, which included peasants of the Insar district. In 1859, residents participated in "sober" riots.
From the 1750s until 1826, an ironworks of the same name operated in the northern part of the settlement.
In 1768, the naturalist P.S. Pallas[7] visited Insara, and in the 19th century, the historian and archivist N.V. Kalachov. Both spoke of him as an unremarkable city [source not specified 268 days]. According to the data of 1869, there were 530 houses in Insar (3,904 people); there were 4 churches, a parish school, a hospital, a post office, a tannery. In 1894, there were 791 households (4,322 people) in Insar; 5 churches, 3 educational institutions, 2 hospitals; in 1931—977 farms (4,598 people).
Since 1780 - the county town of the Penza governorate, since 1797 - in the Simbirsk province.
In the 19th - early 20th centuries, annual fairs were held in summer and autumn, the turnover of which reached more than 200 thousand rubles a year. In 1919, a state farm was established in Insar. Zhelyabov, in 1921 - the Zarya commune.
Since 1801 - the county town of the Penza province. In 1856 there were 4 churches, 454 houses and 17 shops in Insar.
In 1926 Insar was transformed by the Bolsheviks into a rural settlement.
From December 20, 1934 - as part of the Mordovian ASSR.
On August 29, 1958, the village of Insar was transformed into a city of regional subordination.
As of January 1, 2001, JSC "Lenta", "Neon", "Rise", a hemp factory, a district industrial complex, motor transport, repair and technical enterprises, DRSU, a district consumer society, a vocational school, 3 general education, a museum, art and sports schools, Insar Central District Hospital, cultural and educational, trade, public utilities, health institutions, local history museum. There are monuments in the city: to the fighters for Soviet power, to the soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War, V. I. Lenin, the organizer of the Insar district committee of the RCP (b) I. Ya. Sventer, Colonel General I. V. Boldin, A. M. Gorky.
The town-planning structure of Insar has preserved the historical features of the 2nd half of the 17th - mid-18th centuries. In 1755, a church was built in Insar in the name of the Kazan Mother of God, in 1758 - in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.
In 1785, Insar received a master plan with a rectangular system of large blocks and a central square. By the middle of the 19th century, the city had expanded to the south; the upper part housed the central square and administrative buildings of the county authorities, the Church of the Nativity. The settlements of the lower part of the city were separated by the Insarka River. The city has preserved shopping arcades, residential buildings of the 2nd half of the 19th century, St. Olginsky Convent. According to the general plans of 1975, 1984, the city center is located at the intersection of Gagarin and Moskovskaya streets. Housing construction is concentrated in the northwestern part of the city, industrial enterprises - in the southeast.
