Joseph Broz Tito

Josip Broz Tito is a friend and associate of Joseph Stalin in the socialist camp. But he also quickly turned into his enemy when he dared to contradict the leader of all peoples. Tito is the creator of one of the strongest countries in the world. Compatriots loved Tito and at the same time feared and hated him, erected monuments to him and installed busts. He was able to do an incredible thing - he united nations in one country that had been at enmity for thousands of years. For several decades, Tito restrained national unrest, resisted the crisis phenomena that manifested immediately after his passing into the other world.

Josip Broz's birthplace is the Croatian Zagorje, or rather, a small village called Kumrovica. Geographically, this area belonged to Austria-Hungary. Josip was born on May 7, 1892 in the family of Franjo Broz and Maria Yavershek, and became the seventh or eighth child in a row. It is impossible to determine the accuracy of the order, because several children in the family were stillborn.

The boy's real name is Josip Broz, and Tito is his pseudonym, with which he signed his communist articles. There is a version that all men in the Croatian Zagorje called themselves Tito, and for this reason Josip took a pseudonym that became so attached to him that it was perceived as a full-fledged name.

His mother was Slovenian by nationality, and Josip had more of her genes passed on. By the time it was time to go to school, the boy spoke Slovenian perfectly, although he positioned himself as a Croat by his father.

The boy went to a village school in 1900. Studying was very difficult for him, he barely mastered the primary school curriculum. This had its consequences, Tito wrote with mistakes all his life.

Josip graduated from school in 1905, a year later than necessary, because he was left for the second year in the second grade. Upon graduation, the teenager has already started his career, worked on the family farm. The father really wanted his son's life to be much better and easier than his, and he began saving money so that Josip could emigrate to the States. Two years later, the guy still left, but not to America, as his father saw, but to the Croatian Sisak, at the place of service of his cousin. This settlement was located 97 km from the village of Kumrovica.

The young man had to work tirelessly. He worked as a waiter in a restaurant, repaired bicycles, then mastered locksmithing for three years, and already as a certified locksmith worked at the Skoda and Benz car manufacturing plants. Josip traveled a lot around the world, soon mastered the Czech and German languages perfectly.

In the First World War, Broz already had the rank of sergeant major, served in the Austro-Hungarian Army. He was taken into intelligence, and the young man managed to distinguish himself there.

On March 25, 1915, Broz Tito was wounded and was captured by the Russians. For thirteen months he was in a hospital near Kazan, in the village of Sviyazhsk, suffering from attacks of typhus and pneumonia. Russian Russian, When there were periods of relief, Josip mastered the Russian language, read the Russian classics, Tolstoy and Turgenev. In June 1917, Josip Broz Tito escaped from captivity.

In 1920, Tito became a member of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, and this was the beginning of his political activity. At the age of 33, he was already considered a professional revolutionary. Arrests followed arrests, Tito found himself behind bars literally every week, and every day his house was searched. The revolutionary was well acquainted with the law, knew his rights, so he found himself free every time.

In the fall of 1928, Tito ended up in prison after all. He was given five years, accused of illegal communist activities. In March 1934, he was released after spending the entire term in prison. Tito turned into such an undesirable person in the country that he had to leave Yugoslavia. In June of the following year, the first meeting of Josip Broz Tito and Joseph Stalin took place.

Two years later, in August 1937, the politician received a new appointment, he served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. Less than two years later, in January 1939, Tito received this position.

It was a very anxious and difficult time. Numerous associates of the revolutionary were suspected of espionage activities, including Tito's two spouses - the former Pelageya and the future Anna. Germany demanded that Czechoslovakia give up the territories. Broz Tito appealed to the Czechoslovaks, and urged them to fight for themselves and their homeland. Numerous volunteers gathered near the Czechoslovak Embassy in Belgrade, ready to help.

During the Second World War, Josip Broz Tito led the Resistance movement, otherwise the Balkans could not stand in the confrontation with Germany. The USSR was actively involved in this struggle. The German authorities realized that they were being confronted by a powerful force, and announced a reward for the head of the current leader of the region. However, attempts to settle scores with Tito were unsuccessful. After the end of the war in 1945, compatriots recognized Tito as the liberator of the country.

Yugoslavia, which had suffered in the war, needed immediate changes, especially with regard to the form of government in the country. The majority voted for the creation of a republic. On March 7, 1945, Josip Broz Tito was officially elected to the post of Chairman of the Government of the new state on the map - the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

During the reign of Prime Minister Tito, the country created the Yugoslav People's Army, which ranked fourth in strength in the world. Dissidents were subjected to repression, the church was suppressed, but Tito enjoyed the boundless trust of the people.

One of the opponents of Tito's leadership style was his former friend and like-minded Joseph Stalin. There is information about the organization of attempts on the Prime Minister of Yugoslavia, organized by the Soviet leader. However, none of the attempts could be implemented. Josip took action, and wrote a letter to Stalin, in which he told him to stop sending people to kill him. He wrote that five people had already been caught, one of whom had a bomb, the second had a rifle. Tito threatened that if Stalin did not calm down, he would also send his man to Moscow, and one who would do his "job", and there would be no need to send a second one.

Nikita Khrushchev established friendly relations between the Balkans and the Soviet Union. In 1955, he visited Yugoslavia, met with Broz Tito, who had taken the presidential chair by that time. Khrushchev apologized to the Yugoslav leader for his predecessor and his hostile intentions.

As president of the country, Tito led an active foreign policy, established relations with leaders of other countries. His friends were Richard Nixon, Winston Churchill, Leonid Brezhnev, from whom Tito received numerous valuable gifts. Currently, all this has been transferred to the Museum of Yugoslavia, operating in Belgrade. Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev rewarded Tito with his traditional kiss, after which the Yugoslav president's lip burst.

In 1971, Josip Broz Tito became President of Yugoslavia again, he was elected for a sixth term. Three years later, he changed the constituti

In 1971, Josip Broz Tito became President of Yugoslavia again, he was elected for a sixth term. Three years later, he changed the constitution with his power, and now he could remain in the highest chair of the country for life. At the same time, Tito began to seriously engage in foreign policy.

The last spouse of the Yugoslav leader was remembered most of all, despite the fact that his personal life was already replete with numerous serious connections.

For the first time Tito seriously fell in love with Pelageya Belousova. They met in Omsk, right after Josip's escape from a Russian prison. The girl hid him from the authorities. The lovers got married in early 1920. The groom turned out to be twelve years older than his beloved. He was 27, and his young wife had just turned fifteen. Pelageya gave birth to her husband of five children, but only one child managed to survive - the son is Hot.

The family broke up in the spring of 1936, as the revolutionary had another communist woman, Anna Koening (alias Elsa Lucia Bauer). Tito only got married with the new chosen one, since in 1937 she was arrested, charged with espionage, and soon shot. After some time, in order not to compromise the active fighter for the communist future, all records of this connection were destroyed.

In 1940, the politician's wife became Herta Haas. In May of the following year, she gave birth to a son, Alexander. At the same time, Tito started an affair on the side, his new passion is Davoryanka Paunovich, who died of tuberculosis in 1946.

The most famous wife of the Yugoslav leader was Jovanka Budisavljevic-Broz, whom he led down the aisle in the spring of 1952. Every now and then there were public scandals in this marriage, Tito suspected that his wife was preparing a coup in the country, and was working for some kind of intelligence. It was rumored that the formal divorce of the couple took place in the 70s. Tito had no children in this marriage.

Health problems began with the Yugoslav leader in 1979. Tito especially suffered from circulatory disorders in his legs. The matter was taking a serious turn, and doctors strongly recommended amputation of the president's left leg. Tito refused flatly, despite the fact that a gangrenous infection was developing, from which he could die at any moment. The sons managed to persuade the stubborn man, but the time was lost, the process went too far.

Josip Broz Tito's heart stopped on May 4, 1980. He didn't live to be 88 for literally three days. The Yugoslav leader died of gangrene. Politicians from all over the world came to bury Tito, there were no such number of leaders of countries at any farewell. Tito was seen off on his last journey by four kings, six princes, thirty-one presidents, twenty-two prime ministers and forty-seven foreign ministers.

Josip Broz Tito was buried in the Belgrade House of Flowers. Now there is a whole hall where you can get acquainted with the details of what happened on this mournful day. Panoramic photos of all the participants of the funeral procession hang on the walls.

The biography of the outstanding politician formed the basis of several dozen paintings, both artistic and documentary. The atmosphere of Tito's time is most truly shown in the drama titled "Tito and I", which was released in 1992.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH

His mother was Slovenian by nationality, and Josip had more of her genes passed on. By the time it was time to go to school, the boy spoke Slovenian perfectly, although he positioned himself as a Croat by his father.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH

Josip Broz's birthplace is the Croatian Zagorje, or rather, a small village called Kumrovica. Geographically, this area belonged to Austria-Hungary. Josip was born on May 7, 1892 in the family of Franjo Broz and Maria Yavershek, and became the seventh or eighth child in a row. It is impossible to determine the accuracy of the order, because several children in the family were stillborn.

The boy's real name is Josip Broz, and Tito is his pseudonym, with which he signed his communist articles. There is a version that all men in the Croatian Zagorje called themselves Tito, and for this reason Josip took a pseudonym that became so attached to him that it was perceived as a full-fledged name.

Josip Broz Tito is a well-known Yugoslav revolutionary, statesman, political, party and military figure. In 1945, he headed Yugoslavia, and held this post until 1980, until he died.

Josip Broz Tito is a friend and associate of Joseph Stalin in the socialist camp. But he also quickly turned into his enemy when he dared to contradict the leader of all peoples. Tito is the creator of one of the strongest countries in the world. Compatriots loved Tito and at the same time feared and hated him, erected monuments to him and installed busts. He was able to do an incredible thing - he united nations in one country that had been at enmity for thousands of years. For several decades, Tito restrained national unrest, resisted the crisis phenomena that manifested immediately after his passing into the other world.

Josip Broz Tito - biography

Josip Broz Tito is a well-known Yugoslav revolutionary, statesman, political, party and military figure. In 1945, he headed Yugoslavia, and held this post until 1980, until he died.

Josip Broz Tito is a friend and associate of Joseph Stalin in the socialist camp. But he also quickly turned into his enemy when he dared to contradict the leader of all peoples. Tito is the creator of one of the strongest countries in the world. Compatriots loved Tito and at the same time feared and hated him, erected monuments to him and installed busts. He was able to do an incredible thing - he united nations in one country that had been at enmity for thousands of years. For several decades, Tito restrained national unrest, resisted the crisis phenomena that manifested immediately after his passing into the other world.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH

Josip Broz's birthplace is the Croatian Zagorje, or rather, a small village called Kumrovica. Geographically, this area belonged to Austria-Hungary. Josip was born on May 7, 1892 in the family of Franjo Broz and Maria Yavershek, and became the seventh or eighth child in a row. It is impossible to determine the accuracy of the order, because several children in the family were stillborn.

The boy's real name is Josip Broz, and Tito is his pseudonym, with which he signed his communist articles. There is a version that all men in the Croatian Zagorje called themselves Tito, and for this reason Josip took a pseudonym that became so attached to him that it was perceived as a full-fledged name.

His mother was Slovenian by nationality, and Josip had more of her genes passed on. By the time it was time to go to school, the boy spoke Slovenian perfectly, although he positioned himself as a Croat by his father.

politics

PERSONAL LIFE

death

Josip Broz Tito - biography

Josip Broz Tito is a well-known Yugoslav revolutionary, statesman, political, party and military figure. In 1945, he headed Yugoslavia, and held this post until 1980, until he died.

Josip Broz Tito is a friend and associate of Joseph Stalin in the socialist camp. But he also quickly turned into his enemy when he dared to contradict the leader of all peoples. Tito is the creator of one of the strongest countries in the world. Compatriots loved Tito and at the same time feared and hated him, erected monuments to him and installed busts. He was able to do an incredible thing - he united nations in one country that had been at enmity for thousands of years. For several decades, Tito restrained national unrest, resisted the crisis phenomena that manifested immediately after his passing into the other world.

CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH

Josip Broz's birthplace is the Croatian Zagorje, or rather, a small village called Kumrovica. Geographically, this area belonged to Austria-Hungary. Josip was born on May 7, 1892 in the family of Franjo Broz and Maria Yavershek, and became the seventh or eighth child in a row. It is impossible to determine the accuracy of the order, because several children in the family were stillborn.

The boy's real name is Josip Broz, and Tito is his pseudonym, with which he signed his communist articles. There is a version that all men in the Croatian Zagorje called themselves Tito, and for this reason Josip took a pseudonym that became so attached to him that it was perceived as a full-fledged name.

His mother was Slovenian by nationality, and Josip had more of her genes passed on. By the time it was time to go to school, the boy spoke Slovenian perfectly, although he positioned himself as a Croat by his father.

Мальчик пошел в сельскую школу в 1900-м году. Учеба давалась ему очень тяжело, он едва усваивал программу начальных классов. Это имело свои

Иосип окончил школу в 1905-м, на год позже, чем нужно, потому что его оставили на второй год во втором классе. По окончанию учебы подросток

Молодому человеку пришлось трудиться не покладая рук. Он работал официантом в ресторане, занимался ремонтом велосипедов, потом три года осва

В Первую мировую войну Броз уже имел звание сержант-майора, служил в Австро-Венгерской армии. Его взяли в разведку, и юноша сумел там отличи

25 марта 1915 года Броз Тито получил ранение, и попал в русский плен. На протяжении тринадцати месяцев он находился в госпитале недалеко от

ПОЛИТИКА

В 1920-м Тито стал членом Коммунистической партии Югославии, и это было начало его политической деятельности. В 33 года он уже считался проф

The boy went to a village school in 1900. Studying was very difficult for him, he barely mastered the primary school curriculum. This had its consequences, Tito wrote with mistakes all his life.

Josip graduated from school in 1905, a year later than necessary, because he was left for the second year in the second grade. Upon graduation, the teenager has already started his career, worked on the family farm. The father really wanted his son's life to be much better and easier than his, and he began saving money so that Josip could emigrate to the States. Two years later, the guy still left, but not to America, as his father saw, but to the Croatian Sisak, at the place of service of his cousin. This settlement was located 97 km from the village of Kumrovica.

The young man had to work tirelessly. He worked as a waiter in a restaurant, repaired bicycles, then mastered locksmithing for three years, and already as a certified locksmith worked at the Skoda and Benz car manufacturing plants. Josip traveled a lot around the world, soon mastered the Czech and German languages perfectly.

In the First World War, Broz already had the rank of sergeant major, served in the Austro-Hungarian Army. He was taken into intelligence, and the young man managed to distinguish himself there.

On March 25, 1915, Broz Tito was wounded and was captured by the Russians. For thirteen months he was in a hospital near Kazan, in the village of Sviyazhsk, suffering from attacks of typhus and pneumonia. Russian Russian, When there were periods of relief, Josip mastered the Russian language, read the Russian classics, Tolstoy and Turgenev. In June 1917, Josip Broz Tito escaped from captivity.

politics

In 1920, Tito became a member of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, and this was the beginning of his political activity. At the age of 33, he was already considered a professional revolutionary. Arrests followed arrests, Tito found himself behind bars literally every week, and every day his house was searched. The revolutionary was well acquainted with the law, knew his rights, so he found himself free every time.

In the fall of 1928, Tito ended up in prison after all. He was given five years, accused of illegal communist activities. In March 1934, he was released after spending the entire term in prison. Tito turned into such an undesirable person in the country that he had to leave Yugoslavia. In June of the following year, the first meeting of Josip Broz Tito and Joseph Stalin took place.

Two years later, in August 1937, the politician received a new appointment, he served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. Less than two years later, in January 1939, Tito received this position.

It was a very anxious and difficult time. Numerous associates of the revolutionary were suspected of espionage activities, including Tito's two spouses - the former Pelageya and the future Anna. Germany demanded that Czechoslovakia give up the territories. Broz Tito appealed to the Czechoslovaks, and urged them to fight for themselves and their homeland. Numerous volunteers gathered near the Czechoslovak Embassy in Belgrade, ready to help.

During the Second World War, Josip Broz Tito led the Resistance movement, otherwise the Balkans could not stand in the confrontation with Germany. The USSR was actively involved in this struggle. The German authorities realized that they were being confronted by a powerful force, and announced a reward for the head of the current leader of the region. However, attempts to settle scores with Tito were unsuccessful. After the end of the war in 1945, compatriots recognized Tito as the liberator of the country.

Yugoslavia, which had suffered in the war, needed immediate changes, especially with regard to the form of government in the country. The majority voted for the creation of a republic. On March 7, 1945, Josip Broz Tito was officially elected to the post of Chairman of the Government of the new state on the map - the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

During the reign of Prime Minister Tito, the country created the Yugoslav People's Army, which ranked fourth in strength in the world. Dissidents were subjected to repression, the church was suppressed, but Tito enjoyed the boundless trust of the people.

One of the opponents of Tito's leadership style was his former friend and like-minded Joseph Stalin. There is information about the organization of attempts on the Prime Minister of Yugoslavia, organized by the Soviet leader. However, none of the attempts could be implemented. Josip took action, and wrote a letter to Stalin, in which he told him to stop sending people to kill him. He wrote that five people had already been caught, one of whom had a bomb, the second had a rifle. Tito threatened that if Stalin did not calm down, he would also send his man to Moscow, and one who would do his "job", and there would be no need to send a second one.

Nikita Khrushchev established friendly relations between the Balkans and the Soviet Union. In 1955, he visited Yugoslavia, met with Broz Tito, who had taken the presidential chair by that time. Khrushchev apologized to the Yugoslav leader for his predecessor and his hostile intentions.

As president of the country, Tito led an active foreign policy, established relations with leaders of other countries. His friends were Richard Nixon, Winston Churchill, Leonid Brezhnev, from whom Tito received numerous valuable gifts. Currently, all this has been transferred to the Museum of Yugoslavia, operating in Belgrade. Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev rewarded Tito with his traditional kiss, after which the Yugoslav president's lip burst.

In 1971, Josip Broz Tito became President of Yugoslavia again, he was elected for a sixth term. Three years later, he changed the constituti

In 1971, Josip Broz Tito became President of Yugoslavia again, he was elected for a sixth term. Three years later, he changed the constitution with his power, and now he could remain in the highest chair of the country for life. At the same time, Tito began to seriously engage in foreign policy.

PERSONAL LIFE

The last spouse of the Yugoslav leader was remembered most of all, despite the fact that his personal life was already replete with numerous serious connections.

For the first time Tito seriously fell in love with Pelageya Belousova. They met in Omsk, right after Josip's escape from a Russian prison. The girl hid him from the authorities. The lovers got married in early 1920. The groom turned out to be twelve years older than his beloved. He was 27, and his young wife had just turned fifteen. Pelageya gave birth to her husband of five children, but only one child managed to survive - the son is Hot.

The family broke up in the spring of 1936, as the revolutionary had another communist woman, Anna Koening (alias Elsa Lucia Bauer). Tito only got married with the new chosen one, since in 1937 she was arrested, charged with espionage, and soon shot. After some time, in order not to compromise the active fighter for the communist future, all records of this connection were destroyed.

In 1940, the politician's wife became Herta Haas. In May of the following year, she gave birth to a son, Alexander. At the same time, Tito started an affair on the side, his new passion is Davoryanka Paunovich, who died of tuberculosis in 1946.

The most famous wife of the Yugoslav leader was Jovanka Budisavljevic-Broz, whom he led down the aisle in the spring of 1952. Every now and then there were public scandals in this marriage, Tito suspected that his wife was preparing a coup in the country, and was working for some kind of intelligence. It was rumored that the formal divorce of the couple took place in the 70s. Tito had no children in this marriage.

death

Health problems began with the Yugoslav leader in 1979. Tito especially suffered from circulatory disorders in his legs. The matter was taking a serious turn, and doctors strongly recommended amputation of the president's left leg. Tito refused flatly, despite the fact that a gangrenous infection was developing, from which he could die at any moment. The sons managed to persuade the stubborn man, but the time was lost, the process went too far.

Josip Broz Tito's heart stopped on May 4, 1980. He didn't live to be 88 for literally three days. The Yugoslav leader died of gangrene. Politicians from all over the world came to bury Tito, there were no such number of leaders of countries at any farewell. Tito was seen off on his last journey by four kings, six princes, thirty-one presidents, twenty-two prime ministers and forty-seven foreign ministers.

Josip Broz Tito was buried in the Belgrade House of Flowers. Now there is a whole hall where you can get acquainted with the details of what happened on this mournful day. Panoramic photos of all the participants of the funeral procession hang on the walls.

The biography of the outstanding politician formed the basis of several dozen paintings, both artistic and documentary. The atmosphere of Tito's time is most truly shown in the drama titled "Tito and I", which was released in 1992.