Magnetometer

MAGNETOMETER (from the Greek. magnetis - magnet and ... meter), a device for measuring the characteristics of the magnetic field and magnetic properties of substances (magnetic materials). Depending on the determined value, there are devices for measuring: field strength (oerstedmeters), field direction (inclinators and declinators), field gradient (gradiometers), magnetic induction (teslameters), magnetic flux (webmeters, or fluxmeters), coercive force (coercitimeters), magnetic permeability (mu meters), magnetic susceptibility (kappa meters), magnetic moment.

In a narrower sense, M- devices for measuring the intensity, direction and gradient of the magnetic field. In modern M., the following methods are used to count the values of the measured value: visual reading on a scale, recording in digital or analog form, photo recording, recording on magnetic tapes, punched tapes and punched cards. The M scales are graded in units of the magnetic field strength of the CGS system of units (oersted, me, fe, gamma 105 e) and in SI units of magnetic induction (Tesla, mktl, ntl).

Distinguish M . for measurements of abs. values of field characteristics and relative field changes in space or time. The last naz. magnetic variometers are also classified according to operating conditions (stationary, on mobile platforms, etc.), and, finally, in accordance with the physical. the phenomena underlying their action (see Magnetic measurements).

Magnetostatic measurements are based on the measurement of mechanical properties. the moment Y acting on the indicator magnet of the device in the measured field is low, J = [M, Low], where M is the magnetic moment of the indicator magnet. The moment J in M. of different construction is compared: a) with the torsion moment of the quartz thread (quartz meters operating on this principle and universal magnetic variometers on quartz stretching have a sensitivity of G ~ ~ 1 nt), b) with the moment of gravity (magnetic scales with G ~ 10-15 nt); c) with the moment acting on the recollection. a reference magnet installed in a certain position (the axes of the indicator and auxiliary magnets in the equilibrium position are perpendicular). In the latter case, by additionally determining the period of oscillation of the auxiliary magnet in the low-magnetic field, it is possible to measure the abs. value of the low-magnetic field (Gauss abs. method). The main purpose of magnetostatic. M. is to measure the components and the abs. magnitude of the geomagnetic field strength (Fig. 1), the field gradient, as well as the magnetic properties of substances.

Magnetostatic measurements are based on the measurement of mechanical properties. the moment Y acting on the indicator magnet of the device in the measured field is low, J = [M, Low], where M is the magnetic moment of the indicator magnet. The moment J in M. of different construction is compared: a) with the torsion moment of the quartz thread (quartz meters operating on this principle and universal magnetic variometers on quartz stretching have a sensitivity of G ~ ~ 1 nt), b) with the moment of gravity (magnetic scales with G ~ 10-15 nt); c) with the moment acting on the recollection. a reference magnet installed in a certain position (the axes of the indicator and auxiliary magnets in the equilibrium position are perpendicular). In the latter case, by additionally determining the period of oscillation of the auxiliary magnet in the low-magnetic field, it is possible to measure the abs. value of the low-magnetic field (Gauss abs. method). The main purpose of magnetostatic. M. is to measure the components and the abs. magnitude of the geomagnetic field strength (Fig. 1), the field gradient, as well as the magnetic properties of substances.

In a narrower sense, M- devices for measuring the intensity, direction and gradient of the magnetic field. In modern M., the following methods are used to count the values of the measured value: visual reading on a scale, recording in digital or analog form, photo recording, recording on magnetic tapes, punched tapes and punched cards. The M scales are graded in units of the magnetic field strength of the CGS system of units (oersted, me, fe, gamma 105 e) and in SI units of magnetic induction (Tesla, mktl, ntl).

Distinguish M . for measurements of abs. values of field characteristics and relative field changes in space or time. The last naz. magnetic variometers are also classified according to operating conditions (stationary, on mobile platforms, etc.), and, finally, in accordance with the physical. the phenomena underlying their action (see Magnetic measurements).

MAGNETOMETER (from the Greek. magnetis - magnet and ... meter), a device for measuring the characteristics of the magnetic field and magnetic properties of substances (magnetic materials). Depending on the determined value, there are devices for measuring: field strength (oerstedmeters), field direction (inclinators and declinators), field gradient (gradiometers), magnetic induction (teslameters), magnetic flux (webmeters, or fluxmeters), coercive force (coercitimeters), magnetic permeability (mu meters), magnetic susceptibility (kappa meters), magnetic moment.

The magnetometer is also known as a magnetic sensor. It is a sensor for measuring magnetic induction/magnetic field intensity, which is a vital sensor component in all kinds of air and spacecrafts. It is widely utilized in other fields, likesuch industry,as agriculture, national defense, biology, medicine, aerospace, and interplanetary research, and others.

Magnetometers are utilized in geophysical surveys to find iron deposits, since they can measure the magnetic field variations that are caused by the deposits. They are also utilized in detecting shipwrecks and other buried or submerged objects. A towed magnetometer (cesium, overhauser, or technical equivalent) possesses a sensor head that is capable of being towed in a stable position above the seabed.

• $2M DARPA Grant for New Magnetometer Technology - InTechnology—In August 2009, A Department of Materials Science and Engineering professor called Ichiro Takeuchi received a three-year, $2 million grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for a proposal titled "MEMS/NEMS Based Multiferroic Magnetic Sensors for Sub-Femto Tesla Detection." The professor's intention was to explore novelsnovel ways to construct magnetometers. DARPA's interest was to develop the technology and expand the ability to detect threats like concealed weapons and explosives.

• On July 17, 2013, Mona Zaghloul from the University of Texas was offered $150,608 to explore the potentials of the internal thermal piezoresistive quality factor and displacement amplification effect in silicon resonant microstructures for realization of ultra-high sensitivity and low noise magnetometers.

• On the 9th of June, 1994,

• On the 9th of June, 1994, H. Hollis Wickman was awarded $81,000 by the National Science Foundation to acquire a SQUID magnetometer to conduct different research projects in superlattices, multilayers, granular solids, metastable alloys, low dimensional quantum magnets, and other systems with low-dimensional magnetic and superconducting entities.

The first magnetometer is thought to be a version designed by German scientist Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1832, a device made up of a permanent magnet suspended in midair by a fiber.

• $2M DARPA Grant for New Magnetometer Technology - In August 2009, A Department of Materials Science and Engineering professor called Ichiro Takeuchi received a three-year, $2 million grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for a proposal titled "MEMS/NEMS Based Multiferroic Magnetic Sensors for Sub-Femto Tesla Detection." The professor's intention was to explore novels ways to construct magnetometers. DARPA's interest was to develop the technology and expand the ability to detect threats like concealed weapons and explosives.

• On the 19th of July, 2018, BEAM-CA, LLC was awarded a National Science Foundation (NSF) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I grant of $149,000 to conduct research and development work on a novel kind of sensitive, robust magnetometer that possesses the ability to operate at room temperature. The company received early support from ExCITE, a startup accelerator partnership between UC Riverside, the City of Riverside, and Riverside County.

• On the 9th of June, 1994,

• $2M DARPA Grant for New Magnetometer Technology - In August 2009, A Department of Materials Science and Engineering professor called Ichiro Takeuchi received a three-year, $2 million grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for a proposal titled "MEMS/NEMS Based Multiferroic Magnetic Sensors for Sub-Femto Tesla Detection." The professor's intention was to explore novels ways to construct magnetometers. DARPA's interest was to develop the technology and expand the ability to detect threats like concealed weapons and explosives.