Novorossiysk

About the region

The city of Novorossiysk is located in the southwestern part of the Krasnodar Territory, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, on the shore of Tsemesskaya Bay. It is the third largest city of Krasnodar Krai after Krasnodar and Sochi and the largest Russian port on the Black Sea.

Historical background

The city of Novorossiysk appeared after Russia's victory over Turkey in the war of 1828-1829.

On September 12, 1838, a Russian landing landed here, and the construction of the fortification began. On January 14, 1839, the fortification in Sudzhuk Bay was given the name Novorossiysk, and on December 15, 1846, the fortification was transformed into a city.

During the Crimean War of 1853-1856, the city was destroyed by the artillery of the Anglo-French squadron. After that, the settlement was abolished, but in 1866 it was established again. In the same year Novorossiysk becomes the center of the Black Sea district. The first major construction in the city was a cement factory built in 1882. In 1888, the railway came to Novorossiysk and construction of the port and elevator began. With the construction of the port, the export of grain abroad from the Don, Volga region, Kuban and Stavropol increases. In 1887, the construction of the Novorossiysk-Sukhumi highway began. In five years, a road with a length of more than 500 km was built, which significantly affected the city's economy. In 1896, the Black Sea District was transformed into the Black Sea Province with the center in Novorossiysk.

The first Russian Revolution of 1905-1907 also affected Novorossiysk. This period received the name "Novorossiysk Republic" in history. By 1914, the city became a major industrial and commercial center of the North Caucasus. After the events of 1917 and the end of the Civil War, Novorossiysk continues to develop as a port and industrial center.

During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), the city was in the center of the fighting and was almost completely destroyed. Almost the entire city was captured by German troops. In 1943, on the night of February 4, south of Novorossiysk, a landing force of 274 sailors landed in the Myshako area, capturing a bridgehead that was held for 225 days until the city was completely liberated.

On May 7, 1966, for the steadfastness, courage and heroism shown by the defenders of Novorossiysk during the Great Patriotic War, the city was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on September 14, 1973, in commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the defeat of the Wehrmacht troops in the defense of the North Caucasus, Novorossiysk was awarded the honorary title of "hero city" with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

The half-century post-war history has turned Novorossiysk into the largest port in the south of Russia. In 1964, the country's largest neftegavan, Sheskharis, was put into operation. A powerful impetus for the development of the city was the creation of a shipping company in Novorossiysk, which included the country's largest tanker fleet.

Novorossiysk today

Novorossiysk is the largest Black Sea port in Russia. The city's economy is based on the transport complex, represented by the main industries: pipeline, marine (loading and unloading, forwarding and services), rail and road transport. More than 15% of all dry cargo exports and about a third of petroleum products enter the world market through the port of Novorossiysk.

The city of Novorossiysk is one of the leading economic entities of the Krasnodar Territory. In terms of production of products and services, it ranks second in the region after Krasnodar. More than 13% of the regional GDP falls on the city of Novorossiysk and the surrounding areas.

Industry

Novorossiysk is the main center of the cement industry in the south of Russia. There are large deposits of high-quality marls here. There are 5 cement plants in Novorossiysk. The city is home to the headquarters of a large cement manufacturer "Novoroscement", as well as cement plants of the Inteco group of companies - Verkhnebakan Cement Plant and Atakaycement.

There are enterprises of the building materials industry (they produce slate, reinforced concrete products). Woodworking (including furniture), food (flour and elevator plant, brewery, fish factory), steel (Novorossmetall plant) industry. Railway transport enterprises (Novorossiysk Car Repair Plant). Grain and fuel oil terminals have been built.

Novorossiysk is one of the main wine-making centers of Russia. Local agricultural firms produce table and sparkling wines. The Novorossiysk district includes the famous Abrau-Durso district. The factory of sparkling wines "Abrau-Durso" is the largest producer in Russia, producing sparkling wine using both classical champagne technology and the tank method. It is also a resort area and a major center of wine tourism, which offers a wide variety of leisure opportunities.

The Novorossiysk district also includes the village of Myshako, on the territory of which there is one of the oldest wine—making companies in Russia - CJSC Agrofirma Myshako. Today, the Agrofirm "Myshako" owns more than 500 hectares of vineyards on which varieties are cultivated: Cabernet, Chardonnay, Aligote, Nutmeg Ottonel, Rhenish Riesling, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon, Pinot Gris, as well as a unique clone of Cabernet, which was bred by the agronomists of the plant - Myshako Cabernet. Since 2005, at the end of November, the annual festival of young wine "Beaujolais Nouveau" has been held here.

Transport

The city of Novorossiysk is located on the shore of the ice-free Tsemesskaya Bay, the largest and one of the most convenient on the Black Sea. The port provides maritime foreign trade activities of Russia with the regions of Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the Mediterranean and South America. The largest stevedoring company of the port is JSC Novorossiysk Commercial Sea Port. The city is home to the management of the Novorossiysk Shipping Company, one of the largest in Russia.

A large railway station is located in Novorossiysk, which provides delivery and transshipment of import and export cargo. There is a railway station. Passenger trains provide communication with the largest cities of Russia.

The federal highways M4 "Don" (Moscow — Rostov-on-Don— Novorossiysk) and M25 (Novorossiysk — Kerch Strait) converge in Novorossiysk.

Tourism

Novorossiysk is not an official resort city of the Krasnodar Territory, but this does not prevent it from receiving thousands of vacationers from many regions of Russia. There are several hotels in the city, the largest of them are Novorossiysk and Brigantine.

The surroundings of Novorossiysk are famous for their picturesque nature. Seaside resort areas in the suburbs (Shirokaya Balka, Sukhaya Schel, Yuzhnaya Ozereevka), offer a wide range of recreation centers and sanatoriums for children and adults. The adornment of the Novorossiysk district is Lake Abrau, next to which the Abrau-Durso winery is located, where the famous champagne in Russia is produced. In the mountains surrounding the city, ancient megalithic structures — dolmens - have been preserved. There are many objects of tourist display in the city and its surroundings, including those related to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War: the memorial "Malaya Zemlya", the monument-ensemble "Line of Defense", the memorial "Death Valley" and others. A monument to Leonid Brezhnev has been erected in Novorossiysk. Another attraction of Novorossiysk is the Admiral Serebryakov embankment, where a well-maintained walking area with many monuments and monuments has been created.