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The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), officially known as SAE International, is a US-based professional association and standards development organization for engineering professionals. SAE International was founded in 1905 with Andrew L. Riker and Henry Ford serving as first president and vice-president. The organization's World Headquarters are located in Warrendale, Pennsylvania, with an additional office in Troy, Michigan that serves Detroit.
This DPRV training and certificate program was developed and expanded to more than 575 classes offered in eight languages in forty countries. To date, more than 8,250 professionals have completed this course.
SAE International is a global leader in technical learning for the mobility industry, offering engineer and business professional career advancement opportunities and teaching tools for educators.
The organization was conceived in the early 1900s after two automotive-focused magazine publishers, Peter Heldt of The Horseless Age and Horace Swetland of The Automobile, advocated for a society of auto manufacturers and parts manufacturers. They proposed a society of engineers who could work together to solve common technical design problems and develop engineering standards.
The Society of Automotive Engineers was officially founded in New York City in 1905 by thirty founding members, which included elected officers Andrew L. Riker, Henry Ford, John Wilkinson, and Edward Birdsall. A council was also formed to manage the society and included Horace Swetland, Allen Whiting, Hiram Maxim, H.W. Alden, LT Gibbs, and H. Vanderbeek.
The SAE steadily grew after its inception, reaching 100 members by 1907 and 4,300 members by 1919. The organization set its first standard in 1912 and Nellie M. Scott, treasurer for Bantam Ball Bearing in Bantam, Connecticut became SAE's first female member in 1920.
A large development came for the society in 1946, when SAE's Technical Board was formed. The board was formed to set standards for design, manufacturing, testing, quality control and procurement, and SAE has continued to set and publish these standards as the US automotive standard authority. These standards do not carry any legal force but are sometimes referenced by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Transport Canada.
SAE started publishing technical information in 1906, with monthly industry magazines including Automotive Engineering International, Aerospace Engineering and Manufacturing, Off Highway Engineering, Truck & Bus Engineering, and SAE Vehicle Engineering. The organization also publishes various journals, e-newsletters, a monthly newsletter titled "Update", and Momentum, a magazine for student members.
The term SAE is also used globally to indicate US measuring systems in automotive and construction tools, separating markings from metric-based tools.
SAE is well known for its automobile horsepower ratings, which it has published since the early 1900s. American automakers used SAE gross power rating for horsepower prior to the 1972 model year. From 1972 to 2005, SAE net power horsepower was used by automakers before SAE introduced their "SAE Certified Power" rating system. The newest system requires certification tests, must take place in an ISO 9000/9002 certified facility and must be witnessed by an SAE-approved third party.
SAE has published technical documents for the aerospace industry since the 1960s, with SAE Aerospace standards number 1000 released in 1961. The organization published its first volume of Aerospace Engineering Magazine in 1981.
SAE advises the best practices and recommendations for aerospace engineering in its Aerospace Recommended Practices and Aerospace Information Reports.
SAE has become heavily involved with the development and introduction of self-driving vehicles, after proposing its "Levels of Driving Automation." SAE J3016 defines six levels of automation for vehicles, which range from Level 0, which means no driving automation, to Level 5, which designates full vehicle automation. The SAE's Level of Automation system has been heavily influential in the research development of automated cars, with the categorization scheme being adopted by the NHTSA in 2019.
- Level 0: The human driver does all the driving.
- Level 1: An advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) on the vehicle can sometimes assist the human driver with either steering or braking/accelerating, but not both simultaneously.
- Level 2: An ADAS on the vehicle can itself actually control both steering and braking/accelerating simultaneously under some circumstances. The human driver must continue to pay full attention (“monitor the driving environment”) at all times and perform the rest of the driving task.
- Level 3: AN ADAS can perform all parts of the driving task in some conditions, but the human driver is required to be able to regain control when requested to do so by the ADAS. In the remaining conditions, the human driver executes the necessary tasks.
- Level 4: The ADAS is able to perform all driving tasks independently in certain conditions in which human attention is not required.
- Level 5: The ADAS on the vehicle can do all the driving in all circumstances. The human occupants are just passengers and need never be involved in driving.
