A removable anchoring device comprising a fixed first part with an expansion head, and a movable second control part having wedging half-rings and a gripping knob associated with a stop and a spring. The stop is arranged on the fixed first part and is movable with respect to the gripping knob by a relative translational movement to disable any release command in a predefined position. The gripping knob is thus able to occupy a first axial adjustment position offset from the stop to indicate the non-locked state enabling the release command, and is movable to a second axial adjustment position in engagement against the stop to indicate the locked state and to disable said release command.