US Patent 10484019 Adaptive encoder/decoder

Technology is described herein for encoding and decoding data. A codeword may be divided into two sub-codewords. A first sub-codeword may be used for data bits and associated parity bits. A second sub-codeword may be used for mode sub-codeword. In one embodiment, the alignments bits are used for the mode sub-codeword. The mode sub-codeword stores mode information, in one aspect. The mode information may indicate how the first sub-codeword should be decoded. The mode information includes a normal mode and a special mode. The format and size of the first sub-codeword may vary depending on the mode. The first sub-codeword may be substantially smaller for the special mode. This can be used to vastly reduce the time needed to initialize memory.