US Patent 10553943 Low-cost satellite user terminal antenna

A beam steering antenna is provided in a user terminal for satellite communications. The beam steering antenna includes an antenna feed structure having a plurality of feed elements configured to be switched on or off to form an initial beam, and a focus lens positioned adjacent to the antenna feed structure to form a focused beam. The antenna feed structure may include a plurality of active waveguide feed elements to generate a circularly polarized initial beam. The focus lens may be a spherical lens to form a circularly polarized focused beam.