A multi-purpose litter clamp comprises a clamp that preferably spans below the litter connecting to opposing longitudinal litter poles on opposite sides of the litter. The clamp can attach rigidly and securely to both sides of the litter. In many embodiments, all but a few inches of the litter's longitudinal poles are covered with a nylon fabric that make up the ‘bed’ of the litter. A plurality of clamp accessories can facilitate rapid and effective attachment and/or removal of medical equipment connected to a patient directly to the litter on which the patient lies, either during transport and/or while in a field hospital.