Method and apparatus are disclosed for robust visual light communication for vehicle-to-vehicle communication. An example vehicle includes a visual light communication (VLC) transmitter, a VLC communication receiver, and a VLC module. The VLC module sends a first handshake message including characteristics of the VLC transmitter and the VLC receiver using a first level of error correction. The VLC module also adjusts transmission parameters based on a received second handshake message. Additionally, the VLC module transmits data using a second level of error correction.