US Patent 10963348 Summary change log indexed by inode numbers

A summary change log indexed by inode number is disclosed. An indication is received that a file system object associated with a corresponding file system index node (inode) has been modified. A summary change record is stored for the corresponding inode, including by: locating or creating an entry for the inode in an inode translation file; storing data associated with the modification in a summary change record located within a summary change file at an offset indicated in the entry; and using the summary change record to perform a backup.