A vehicle mudguard lighting device includes: a mudguard fixing unit attached to the vehicle wheel guard and having a motor therein; a mudguard rotating unit rotatably attached to the mudguard fixing unit and including a lighting device for irradiating light; an external connector for supplying power to the motor and the lighting device; and a controller, where the controller is configured to determine whether power is supplied to the motor and the lighting device, to control whether power is supplied to the external connector, and to adjust a rotation angle of the mudguard rotating unit through the motor.