Implementations of the present specification disclose a blockchain data processing method, apparatus, device, and system. A request for transitioning a state of a contract stored at a blockchain system is received at a plurality of blockchain nodes of the blockchain system. The request includes signature data of at least one state participant of the contract. The contract is associated with a pre-determined number of participants. The signature data is verified at a blockchain node. The verification is based on at least one public key corresponding to the at least one state participant. A determination is made whether the signature data of the at least one state participant is verified. In response to determining that the signature data of the at least one state participant is verified, a new contract state defined in the request is confirmed. The pre-determined number of participants is pre-determined in the contract.