A surveying instrument include a monopod installed on a reference point and a surveying instrument main body provided on the monopod, wherein the surveying instrument main body includes a measuring direction image pickup module which acquires first image including an object, a distance measuring unit which measures a distance to the object, a measuring direction detecting module which detects a measuring direction, a time detector which generates a reference time signal and an arithmetic control module, the arithmetic control module associates a distance measurement result with the reference time signal, associates a measuring direction with the reference time signal, and associates the first image with the reference time signal, associates an image change, the measuring direction, and a distance measurement result with each other based on the reference time signal, calculates a measuring direction in the distance measurement and determines a position of a measurement part of the object.