A computer-implemented method for content-agnostic referencing of a binary data file, the method comprising: determining a length of the binary data file, the length comprising the number of bits of the binary data file; for the determined length, generating all permutations of data of the determined length; locating an index within the generated permutations, wherein the index is the starting position of the binary data file within the generated permutations; and using the length and the index to indicate the binary data file.