The present disclosure relates to a transmission configuration method and terminal. The method includes: a terminal receives one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) from a base station; the terminal detects one or more first SSBs that may trigger random access; and the terminal sends to a base station one or more first messages respectively corresponding to the one or more first SSBs and used to initiate random access such that the base station configures a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state set for a terminal according to the one or more first messages.