US Patent 11586578 Machine learning model updates to ML accelerators

Examples herein describe a peripheral I/O device with a hybrid gateway that permits the device to have both I/O and coherent domains. As a result, the compute resources in the coherent domain of the peripheral I/O device can communicate with the host in a similar manner as CPU-to-CPU communication in the host. The dual domains in the peripheral I/O device can be leveraged for machine learning (ML) applications. While an I/O device can be used as an ML accelerator, these accelerators previously only used an I/O domain. In the embodiments herein, compute resources can be split between the I/O domain and the coherent domain where a ML engine is in the I/O domain and a ML model is in the coherent domain. An advantage of doing so is that the ML model can be coherently updated using a reference ML model stored in the host.