Methods and systems for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in autonomous driving systems are described. A method for use in an autonomous driving system may include filtering feature vectors. The feature vectors may be filtered using a first filter to obtain clusters of feature vectors. The method may include assigning one or more images to a respective cluster based on a feature vector of the image. The method may include filtering a subset of the images using a second filter to determine a classification model. The method may include storing the classification model on a vehicle control system of a vehicle. The method may include detecting an image using a vehicle sensor. The method may include classifying the detected image based on the classification model. The method may include performing a vehicle action based on the classified detected image.