A construction machine traveling control system is provided. The construction machine traveling control system includes first and second electric traveling pedals for outputting manipulation values including electric signals in response to the driver's manipulation and thereby operating first and second traveling motors connected thereto, respectively; a traveling pattern input means installed in the driving room so as to enable the driver to input a construction machine traveling pattern; a controller electrically connected to the first and second electric traveling pedals and to the traveling pattern input means; and a hydraulic circuit electrically connected to the controller so as to control the flow rate of operation oil supplied to the first and second traveling motors, as well as the flow of the operation oil, according to the command values delivered from the controller.