US Patent 11709818 Managing concurrent transactions in database systems

The subject technology receives a first transaction, the first transaction to be executed on linearizable storage. The subject technology assigns, prior to performing a read operation, a first read version to the first transaction, the first read version indicating a first version of the linearizable storage, the first read version corresponding to a particular timestamp of a current time. The subject technology performs the read operation from the first transaction on a table in a database. The subject technology determines a first commit version identifier corresponding to first data resulting from the read operation. The subject technology proceeds to perform a particular write operation from the first transaction. The subject technology determines that the first commit version identifier fails to match a second commit version identifier corresponding to a second transaction. The subject technology aborts the particular write operation from the first transaction.