Methods, apparatus, and processor-readable storage media for automated database operation classification using artificial intelligence techniques are provided herein. An example computer-implemented method includes obtaining at least one query related to one or more database operations; obtaining information pertaining to a set of multiple storage resources; classifying the at least one query as associated with at least one of multiple subsets of storage resources among the set of multiple storage resources by processing at least a portion of the query and at least a portion of the information pertaining to the set of multiple storage resources using one or more artificial intelligence techniques; and performing one or more automated actions based at least in part on the classifying of the at least one query.