Patent 11932948 was granted and assigned to Hutchinson Technology Inc. on March, 2024 by the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Etchant solutions, pretreatment and methods for etching electroless nickel on metallic materials are provided herein. More specifically, etchant solutions for selectively removing electroless nickel from the surface of metallic materials containing copper, and optionally as containing stainless steel, methods of etching and pretreatment are provided.