A detachable rocking chair structure is provided. The detachable rocking chair structure includes a main backrest rod, a main backrest reinforcement rod, a cushion side rod, a connecting crossbar, an elastic band, and a rocking chair cover, where the main backrest reinforcement rod includes a first end connected to the main backrest rod and a second end connected to the cushion side rod; the connecting crossbar and the elastic band are connected to the cushion side rod; and the rocking chair cover is sleeved on an upper surface of each of the main backrest rod, the cushion side rod, the connecting crossbar, and the elastic band.