US Patent 12072357 Plug-in energy sensor with load injection and monitoring

Described implementations monitor potential voltage at a location to determine device usage at the location. The implementations utilize a plug-in energy sensor that is plugged directly into any electrical outlet at the location and measures deviation in voltage at the location. Once plugged into an electrical outlet, the plug-in energy sensor monitors one or more of the positive line and ground and/or the neutral line and ground for changes in potential voltage at the location. The plug-in energy sensor may also inject a load (resistive load, inductive load, capacitive load) into the electrical circuit at the location and then measure the signal or response to the injected load.