Patent attributes
Methods, systems, and computer media provide attestation tokens that protect the integrity of communications transmitted from client devices, while at the same time avoiding the use of stable device identifiers that could be used to track client devices or their users. In one approach, client devices can receive batches of N device integrity elements from a device integrity computing system, each corresponding to a different public key. The N device elements can be signed by a device integrity computing system. The signing by the device integrity computing system can be signing with a blind signature scheme. Client devices can include throttlers imposing limits on the quantity of attestation tokens created by the client device.