US Patent 7286584 Carrier bonded 1550 nm VCSEL with InP substrate removal

A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) structure includes a bottom distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) arranged over a substrate; a metal layer interposed between the bottom DBR and the substrate, wherein the metal layer and bottom DBR form a composite mirror structure. A patterned dielectric layer may be interposed between the metal layer and the bottom DBR to reduce a deleterious chemical reaction between the metal layer and the bottom DBR. The metal layer directly contacts a portion of the bottom DBR to enhance the electrical and thermal conductivity of the VCSEL structure.