A negative resist composition of the present invention comprises: (A) an alkali-soluble resin; (B-1) a cross-linking agent capable of cross-linking with the alkali-soluble resin (A) by the action of an acid, in which the cross-linking agent is a phenol compound containing: in the molecule one or more benzene rings; and at least two cross-linking groups bonded to any of the benzene rings, the cross-linking group being a group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxymethyl group, an alkoxymethyl group and an acyloxymethyl group; (B-2) a cross-linking agent capable of cross-linking with the alkali-soluble resin (A) by the action of an acid, in which the cross-linking agent contains at least two specific groups; and (C) a compound capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with an actinic ray or radiation.