The present invention disclosure provides a chemical conversion coating agent which places a less burden on the environment and can apply good chemical conversion treatment to all metals such as iron, zinc and aluminum, and a surface-treated metal obtained using the same. The chemical conversion coating agent comprising: at least one kind selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium and hafnium; fluorine; and a water-soluble resin, wherein said water-soluble resin has, in at least a part thereof, a constituent unit expressed by the chemical formula (1):