US Patent 7595855 Liquid crystal display and manufacturing method thereof

A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a first electrode formed on the first substrate, a passivation layer formed between the first substrate and the first electrode, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a second electrode formed on the second substrate, a columnar spacer formed between the second substrate and the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer having liquid crystal molecules vertically aligned with respect to the first and second substrates, and formed between the first and second substrates. The passivation layer and the columnar spacer are made of substantially the same material at the same layer.