Patent attributes
Systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer-readable media for modifying the rank of search result items returned by a search engine are provided. A search engine determines a plurality of search result items that satisfy a user query and the order the search result items are to be presented to a user. A rank modifier determines whether any modification should be made to the rank of each search result item identified by the search engine. The rank of search result items identified as potential spam may be demoted while the rank of search result items identified to be in the language of the search query, having a high click-through rate, or as containing adjacent search terms from the search query may be promoted. The search result items are presented according to modified ranking to the querying user.