A distortion compensation apparatus compensates for non-linear distortion of a power amplifier. The distortion compensation apparatus includes a pre-distorter, a learning unit, and a gain control unit. During training of the pre-distorter, the learning unit repeatedly updates a compensation coefficient on the basis of signals output from the power amplifier. While the training continues after update of the compensation coefficient, the gain control unit performs gain control on a signal before input to the power amplifier.