A rifle flotation device for providing buoyancy to a rifle with a rifle rail system is disclosed. The device includes a buoyant body with a first and second keyed rifle rail slots constructed to allow the rifle rail system to be inserted therein. The buoyant body may further include a first buoyant body portion that includes the first keyed rifle rail slot and a second buoyant body portion that includes the second keyed rifle rail slot. The first buoyant body portion is detachable from the second buoyant body portion and the body may further include an interlocking tongue-in-groove system that attaches the first buoyant body portion to the second buoyant body portion.