US Patent 9800434 Millimeter wave phase shifters using tunable transmission lines

Tunable phase shifters and methods for using the same include a signal line; one or more grounding lines; one or more crossing lines below the signal line in proximity to the signal line and substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the signal line, where the crossing lines conform to the shape of the signal line along at least three surfaces of the signal line and where the crossing lines have a tunable capacitance; and an inductance return line below the crossing lines substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the signal line, where the inductance return line provides a tunable inductance.