Mammoth Biosciences

Mammoth Biosciences is ana AmericanSan Francisco-based company based in San Francisco founded on June 1, 2017, that develops diagnostic and genome editing therapeutics based on CRISPR technology. When Mammoth was founded, it focused on diagnostics but later began to movemoved into therapeutics. Mammoth Biosciences uses CRISPR technology to develop bio-sensing technologies for diagnostics in industries such as healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing, and forensics. The technology being used by Mammoth Bioscience theoretically allows for the detection of any biomarker and/or disease that contains either RNA and/or DNADNA. CRISPR proteins Cas12 (targeting double-stranded DNA), Cas13 (targeting single-stranded RNA), and Cas14 (targeting ssDNA) are used in Mammoth’s diagnoticsdiagnostics platform. Guide RNA (gRNA) is used to program the system to detect desired nucleic acid sequences, and Cas proteins cleave reporter molecules, which signal when gRNA matches the target sequence.

In genome editing therapeutics, Mammoth is focusing on Cas proteins in Cas14 and Casɸ families, which are smaller compared with Cas9 and may help overcome barriers to delivery of gene editing therapeutics to many cell types in the body because they can fit into adeno-associated virus. Mammoth’s research pipeline includes epigenetic editing and base editing as well as detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic variations that can be linked to disease.

In genome editing therapeutics, Mammoth is focusing on Cas proteins in Cas14 and Casɸ families, which are smaller compared with Cas9 and may help overcome barriers to the delivery of gene editing therapeutics to many cell types in the body because they can fit into adeno-associated virus. Mammoth’s research pipeline includes epigenetic editing and base editing as well as the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic variations that can be linked to disease.

Mammoth biosciencesBiosciences uses technology licensed from UC BerkleyUC Berkley and has created a credit card strip capable of delivering health diagnostics at the point of care in hospital and home settings. Their diagnostic strip works by dropping the desired fluid sample onto the strip and waiting for panels on the strip to change colourcolor, indicating the test is complete. The CRISPR technology is embedded within the strip, and if or when the desired reaction takes place, a colouredcolored molecule is released, called a reporter molecule. Different reporter molecules can be present and eventually build up into colourscolors that can be seen with the naked eye. The user then takes a photo of the strip after the reaction is complete (taking approximately taking 30thirty minutes) using a smart phonesmartphone application developed myby Mammoth Biosciences. Users can see the results of their strip test using the app.

Mammoth Biosciences partnered with UC San FranciscoUC San Francisco to develop a diagnostic test to identify people infected with coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (previously called 2019-nCoV). The coronavirus strain, identified December 31, 2019, was responsible for an outbreak of the disease called COVID-19COVID-19 that began in Wuhan, China in December, 2019, whichand was declared a pandemic by the World Health OrganizationWorld Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Early in the pandemic, testing samples were shipped to the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, where the test could take six or more hours to complete. The test being developed by Mammoth Biosciences was expected to take one or two hours and be completed at the doctor’s office. Mammoth's test involved a nasal swab being placed in a tube with the CRISPR-Cas system and using a color-changing strip of paper to check for a positive or negative test result. Their test, using CRISPR-Cas12a-based lateral flow assay and RT-LAMP technology with results in less than 40forty minutes, was validated in patient respiratory swab RNA extracts, and results were published in April, 2020.

Mammoth’s DETECTR BOOST SARS-CoV-2 Reagent Kit for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 was authorized for emergency use by the FDA in January, 2022. Mammoth decided not to commercialize the diagnostic kit, and at the company’s request, the FDA revoked the emergency use authorization on December 15, 2022.

Mammoth Biosciences has received a disclosed amount of $23min23 millionin venture capital funding from Mayfield, NFX, 8VC, AME Cloud, Wireframe, Kairos, and Boom Capital.

Mammoth Biosciences is an American company based in San Francisco founded on June 1, 2017 that develops diagnostic and genome editing therapeutics based on CRISPR technology. When Mammoth was founded, it focused on diagnostics but later began to move into therapeutics. Mammoth Biosciences uses CRISPR technology to develop bio-sensing technologies for diagnostics in industries such as healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing, and forensics. The technology being used by Mammoth Bioscience theoretically allows for the detection of any biomarker and/or disease that contains either RNA and/or DNA. CRISPR proteins Cas12 (targeting double-stranded DNA), Cas13 (targeting single-stranded RNA) and Cas14 (targeting ssDNA) are used in Mammoth’s diagnotics platform. Guide RNA (gRNA) is used to program the system to detect desired nucleic acid sequences and Cas proteins cleave reporter molecules which signal when gRNA matches the target sequence. When Mammoth was founded, it focused on diagnostics but later began to move into therapeutics.

In genome editing therapeutics, Mammoth is focusing on Cas proteins in Cas14 and Casɸ families, which are smaller compared with Cas9 and may help overcome barriers to delivery of gene editing therapeutics to many cell types in the body because they can fit into adeno-associated virus. Mammoth’s research pipeline includes epigenetic editing and base editing as well as detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic variations that can be linked to disease.

Mammoth Biosciences is an American company based in San Francisco founded on June 1, 2017. Mammoth Biosciences uses CRISPR technology to develop bio-sensing technologies for diagnostics in industries such as healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing, and forensics. TheirThe technology being used by Mammoth Bioscience theoretically allows for the detection of any biomarker and/or disease that contains either RNA and/or DNA. CRISPR proteins Cas12 (targeting double-stranded DNA), Cas13 (targeting single-stranded RNA) and Cas14 (targeting ssDNA) are used in Mammoth’s diagnotics platform. Guide RNA utilizes(gRNA) is used to program the system to detect twodesired CRISPRnucleic acid sequences and Cas proteins: cleave reporter molecules which signal when gRNA matches Cas12the andtarget Cas13sequence. The technology being used byWhen Mammoth Biosciencewas theoreticallyfounded, allowsit forfocused theon detectiondiagnostics ofbut anylater biomarkerbegan and/orto diseasemove thatinto contains either RNA and/or DNAtherapeutics.

Mammoth Biosciences is partneringpartnered with UC San Francisco to develop a diagnostic test to identify people infected with coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (previously called 2019-nCoV). The new coronavirus strain, identified December 31, 2019 iswas responsible for an outbreak of disease called COVID-19 that began in Wuhan, China in December, 2019, andwhich was declared a global emergencypandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. ForEarly in the currentpandemic, testing samples arewere shipped to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention where the test cancould take six or more hours to complete. The test being developed by Mammoth Biosciences iswas expected to take one or two hours and be completed at the doctor’s office. TheMammoth's test would involveinvolved a nasal swab being placed in a tube with the CRISPR-Cas system and using a color-changing strip of paper to check for a positive or negative test result. Their test, usesusing CRISPR-Cas12a-based lateral flow assay and RT-LAMP technology and giveswith results in less than 40 minutes, was validated in patient respiratory swab RNA extracts and results were published in April, 2020.

Mammoth’s DETECTR BOOST SARS-CoV-2 Reagent Kit for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 was authorized for emergency use by the FDA in January, 2022. Mammoth decided not to commercialize the diagnostic kit and at the company’s request, the FDA revoked the emergency use authorization on December 15, 2022.