US Patent 12135607 Hardware-efficient PAM-3 encoder and decoder

Data bits are encoded in one or both of an eleven bit seven pulse amplitude modulated three-level (PAM-3) symbol (11b7s) format and a three bit two symbol (3b2s) format on a plurality of data channels and on an error correction channel. One or more of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value, a poison value, and a severity value are encoded as 11b7s and/or 3b2s PAM-3 symbols on the error correction channel.