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The Order of the Patriotic War is an order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" dated May 20, 1942. https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_%D0%BE%D1%82_20.05.1942_%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B_I_%D0%B8_II_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8
The Order of the Patriotic War is the first award that appeared during the Great Patriotic War. In addition, this is the first Soviet order that had a division into degrees. For 35 years, the Order of the Patriotic War remained the only Soviet order that was transferred to the family as a memory after the death of the recipient (other orders had to be returned to the state). Only in 1977, the order of leaving in the family was extended to other orders and medals of the USSR.
Order of the Patriotic War II degree:
The badge of the order was made of silver. The applied hammer and sickle in the center of the order are made of gold. The lower radiant star is polished. The image of a rifle and checkers is oxidized. Other parts of the order, not covered with enamel, are gilded.
The gold content is 0.325 g, the silver content is 24.85 ± 1.352 g. The total weight of the order of the second degree is 28.05 ± 1.50 g.
The diameter of the circumscribed circle is 45 mm. The diameter of the central circle with the inscription is 22 mm.
The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, is worn on the right side of the chest and is placed after the Order of Alexander Nevsky. The Order of the Patriotic War II degree is worn on the right side of the chest and is placed after the Order of the Patriotic War I degree.
The Order of the Patriotic War II degree was awarded to:
- Who courageously performed their duties in the crew of the aircraft during the performance of a combat mission, for which the navigator or pilot was awarded the Order of the Red Banner;
- Who shot down in an air battle, being part of the crew:
- heavy bomber aviation - 3 aircraft;
- long-range bomber aviation - 4 aircraft;
- short-range bomber aviation - 6 aircraft;
- attack aircraft - 2 aircraft;
- fighter aircraft - 2 aircraft.
- Who committed, as part of the crew:
- heavy bomber aviation - the 15th successful combat sortie;
- long-range bomber aviation - the 20th successful combat sortie;
- short-range bomber aviation - 25th successful combat sortie;
- assault aviation - the 20th successful combat sortie;
- fighter aviation - the 50th successful sortie;
- long-range reconnaissance aviation - the 20th successful combat sortie;
- short-range reconnaissance aviation - 25th successful combat sortie;
- corrective aviation - 10th successful sortie;
- communications aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 20th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located on the territory occupied by the enemy;
- transport aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 10th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located on the territory occupied by the enemy.
- Who managed to restore, master and use the captured captured aircraft in combat conditions;
- Who managed to restore at least 5 aircraft at the forward airfield under enemy fire;
- Who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium, or 2 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy with artillery fire, or as part of a gun crew - 2 heavy or medium, or 3 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy;
- Who destroyed the enemy's firepower with artillery or mortar fire, ensuring the successful actions of our troops;
- Who suppressed at least 3 enemy batteries with artillery or mortar fire;
- Who destroyed at least 2 enemy aircraft with artillery fire;
- Who destroyed at least 3 enemy firing points with his tank and thereby contributed to the advancement of our advancing infantry;
- Who, being in the crew of a tank, successfully completed 3 combat missions to destroy enemy firepower and manpower or destroyed at least 3 enemy tanks or 3 guns in battles;
- Who, under enemy fire, evacuated from the battlefield 2 tanks knocked out by the enemy;
- Who destroyed an enemy tank on the battlefield or behind enemy lines with grenades, bottles with a combustible mixture or explosives;
- Who, leading a unit or subunit surrounded by the enemy, defeated the enemy, withdrew his unit (subunit) from the encirclement without losing weapons and military equipment;
- Who made his way to the enemy's firing positions and destroyed at least one gun, three mortars or three machine guns of the enemy;
- Who removed the guard post (watch, secret) of the enemy at night or captured it;
- Which of the personal weapons shot down one enemy aircraft;
- Who, fighting with superior enemy forces, did not give up an inch of their positions and caused great damage to the enemy;
- Who organized and maintained in difficult combat conditions continuous communication between the command and the troops fighting, and thereby contributed to the success of the operation of our troops;
- Who, being a member of the crew of a ship, aircraft or combat crew of a coastal battery, disabled or damaged a warship or one enemy transport;
- Who captured and brought the enemy's transport to their base;
- Who, by timely detection of the enemy, prevented an attack on the ship, base;
- Who ensured the successful maneuvering of the ship, as a result of which the enemy ship was drowned or damaged;
- Who, with skillful and precise work, ensured the successful combat operation of the ship (combat unit);
- Who organized the uninterrupted logistics of the unit, formation, army and thereby contributed to the success of the unit, formation.
