Patent 7989029 was granted and assigned to SRI International on August, 2011 by the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
A method for reducing porosity of metal layers on a substrate may comprise depositing a precursor onto at least a portion of the substrate, and adding metal layers over the precursor comprising at least one cycle, wherein each cycle comprises: depositing a metal layer over the precursor, and exposing the metal layer to a breath-out solution.